For a cut-off of 1.0 ng/ml, the negative likelihood ratio was 0.08. The negative likelihood ratio commonly considered to “rule out disease” is 0.1 in this study the negative likelihood ratios were 0.47, 0.61, and 0.70 for PSA cut-off values of 3, 4, and 5 ng/ml.The positive likelihood ratio commonly considered to “rule in disease” is 10 however, in this study the positive likelihood ratios were 4.5, 5.5, and 6.4 for PSA cut-off values of 3, 4, and 5 ng/ml.At PSA cut-off values of 3, 4, and 5 ng/ml, sensitivity estimates were 59, 44, and 33 percent, and specificity estimates were 87, 92, and 95 percent, respectively.The area under the curve for PSA was 0.84 (95% confidence interval 0.82 to 0.86).
On average, blood samples were drawn 7.1 ± 3.7 years before diagnosis.The validity of the PSA test as a means to predict subsequent prostate cancer diagnosis was assessed by comparing the patients’ PSA record to subsequent diagnosis of prostate cancer through cancer registry data
The study population comprised 540 cases and 1,034 controls matched for age and date of blood draw. In light of recent prostate cancer screening trial results, Holmström and colleagues have attempted to evaluate whether, in a recent screening population in Umeå, Sweden, the PSA test actually attains standards of sufficient validity for use as a prostate cancer screening tool. may prove to be no exception to this historic experience. It is possible that a new study by Holmström et al.
Swedish research studies have long been on the “cutting edge” for understanding issues related to screening and early stage tretament for prostate cancer.
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